ATTACHMENT 2 to Ground Transportation Policy Directive Summary of the Ground Transportation Access Plan (GTAP) Study July 6, 2018 1 Overview • • • • • • • Port goals Study objectives & approach Current Issues Top 10 strategies Initiatives Already Underway Next steps Appendix Presents study findings and next steps with technical details in Appendix 2 Port Goals • Century Agenda - Reduce Scope 3 carbon emissions: • 50% below 2007 levels by 2030 • 80% below 2007 levels by 2050 • Reduce travel/processing time - Max 45 minutes from clock tower to post security GTAP strategies designed to achieve Port goals 3 Study Objectives • Increase access to high occupancy modes such as transit • Advance transportation modes and programs to foster social equity and customer choice • Consider the financial/revenue impacts of potential strategies. GTAP objectives advance all three aspects of sustainability 4 Study Approach • Conduct benchmarking research & stakeholder outreach - Identified over 64 transportation strategies - Determined industry best practices • Screen strategies to determine top 10 - Evaluation criteria: congestion relief, mode shift, customer choice, feasibility, environmental benefit and fiscal impact Identify top 10 strategies to reduce congestion and advance sustainability goals 5 Current Issues • • • • • • Increasing roadway congestion Market disruptions Emerging ground transportation modes Social equity Environmental effects Infrastructure limitations Anticipate increasing congestion as demand increases 6 Top 10 Strategies from GTAP Study • Near-term Port initiatives: - - • Partner with regional agencies to incentivize mode shift: - - - - - • Multiple variations of express bus service Form a Transportation Management Association (TMA) Information sharing and promoting transit Public-private partnerships for First/Last Mile Coverage Increase/preserve King County Metro RapidRide and Sound Transit bus service Offer ticket for free transit ride/ride-free area Provide incentives (e.g., coupons) for ride-share and transit use Further analyze: - - - Revenue structures for autonomous vehicles (AVs) Airport access fees Restructuring employee parking Each of the 10 strategies needs additional research and/or key partnerships 7 Top 10 Strategies Strategy Multiple Variations of Express Bus Service Form a Transportation Management Association (TMA) Description • Express service from park and ride lots in primary surrounding city locations; secure parking; 30 minute service (Port, KCM, ST TBD) • Member-controlled, organizations that provide transportation services in a particular area. Dedicated staff to manage CTR programs for airport workforce including ride-share matching, guaranteed ride home, transit subsidies • Affected Stakeholder(s) Air Pax Workforce   GT Oper.  Information Sharing and Promoting Transit • Distribute information about transit routes and integrate promotions/marketing during airline ticket purchase and check-in  Public-Private Partnerships for First/Last Mile Coverage • Develop partnerships with ride-share companies and regional agencies to provide first and last mile coverage   Increase/preserve King County Metro RapidRide and Sound Transit Express Bus Service • • More frequent service (assuming regional agency sponsorship) Change pick-up/drop-off location    8  Top 10 Strategies (con't) Strategy Ticket for Free Transit Ride/RideFree Area Description Affected Stakeholder(s) Air Pax Workforce • Passengers and employees ride free on trips from SEA   •   • Provide discounts at airport concessionaires or access to airline club lounges for travelers with transit pass, transit receipt, or verification of participation in Ride Share program Implement a parking "cash-out" program managed by SEA TMA Revenue Structures Anticipating Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) • Estimate impacts and timeline of AV adoption (revenue) Airport Access Fees • Consider establishing fee structure for vehicles accessing terminal curbs Restructure Employee Parking • • • Restructure complimentary garage parking to incent Ride Share and transit Implement a parking "cash-out" program managed by SEA TMA ORCA subsidies Incentives for Ride Share and Transit Use GT Oper.    9 Initiatives Already Underway • Rematch program for TNCs • Advance immediate GT recommendations (garage utilization, re-match, entrance) • Continuous Process Improvement exercise focused on airport roadway congestion • Widen arrivals approach • SR 518 Corridor study • Express Bus studies Ongoing initiatives will significantly reduce congestion and some will reduce carbon 10 Next Steps Planning timeframe Implementation timeframe 2018 -2019 1-3 yrs 2019 1-3 yrs 2018 -2019 1-3 yrs Public-Private Partnerships for First/Last Mile Coverage 2019 1-3 yrs Increase / preserve KCM RapidRide and ST Exp. Bus Service 2018 -2019 3-5 yrs Ticket for Free Transit Ride/Ride-Free Area 2019 1-3 yrs Incentives for Ride Share / Transit Loyalty Program 2019 1-3 yrs Revenue Structures Anticipating Autonomous Vehicles 2020 - 2021 5-10 yrs Airport Access Fees 2019 -2021 TBD Restructure Employee Parking 2019 - 2020 1-3 yrs Top 10 Strategies Multiple Variations of Express Bus Service Transportation Management Association (TMA) Information/Promotion of Transit Most of the top 10 strategies can be implemented in 1 to 3 years Thank You 12 Appendix 13 Benchmarked Airports US AIRPORTS San Francisco Los Angeles Boston Logan Minn.-Saint Paul Denver Miami NON-US AIRPORTS London Gatwick Dublin Copenhagen London Heathrow 14 Comparing Among Similar Airports Transportation Mode SEA (2017) SFO (2017) BOS (2016) Private vehicle 46%1 26% 34% Rental vehicles and off-airport parking 23% 21% 11% TNC 8% 30% 14% Taxi 3% 5%2 10% Limousine or town car 2% 82% 82% 69% Shuttles/vans or other commercial buses 11% 13% 17% Public transit/express bus/parking and ride (SFO) 7% 5% 14% 2 18% 18% 31% Non-HOV Modes HOV Modes 1. Includes private vehicles parking, dropping off or passing through parking garage. 2. Includes limousines and town cars. 15 SEA Trends in Mode Share 45% 40% 39% 40% 38% 39% Private vehicles have maintained a steady share 35% 30% 25% 15% 20% 15% 15% 16% 13% TNCs are taking market share from taxis and potentially rental vehicles 8% 10% 5% 5% 6% 6% 5% 5% 2% 0% 0% Private vehicle curbside Rental vehicle TNC (e.g. Uber, Lyft) 2014 5%5%5% 4% LINK light rail Shuttle Express 2015 2017 SOURCE: Port of Seattle Business Intelligence, Enplaning Passenger Survey (2014-2017). 2016 8% 6% 4% 3% Taxi 1%1%1%1% Public transit bus <20% pax access airport via highoccupancy modes 64 Candidate Strategies Evaluated for "People ● Profit ● Planet" 1. Reduce Traffic Congestion Reduces traffic volumes, improves passenger throughput, and/or improves efficiency along the Airport drive and curbside. 2. Support Customer Choice Increases access to ground transportation modes to/from the Airport. 3. Influence Mode Share Reduces percent of travelers using single occupancy vehicles. 4. Fiscal Impact to Sea-Tac Potential revenue source or offset to capital investment versus the annual operating costs. 5. Reduce Environmental Impacts Reduces greenhouse gases, vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and promotes mass transit. 6. Feasibility Potential to implement/whether the strategy been successfully implemented in other locations, and general comparative assessment of potential for positive ROI. 17 Top 10 Analyzed for Equity and Impacts 1. Qualitatively scores strategies for equity principles 2. Quantifies environmental benefits, capital costs, operating costs, and revenue impacts 18 Defining Equity Principles • Environmental: Minimizes disproportionate environmental impacts on stakeholders • Economic: Creates small business growth and workforce development in and around the airport while minimizing financial burden of accessing transportation options • Regional access and operations: Provides more modes of transportation to the airport • Social: Eliminate barriers to equal opportunity for historically underserved groups 19 Top 10 Strategies - Equity Trade-offs REGIONAL ACCESS STRATEGY ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Multiple Variations of Express Bus Service ✓ ✓ ✓  Tolling Curbside X ✓ ✓  Information / Promotion of Transit ✓ ✓ ✓ NA Transportation Management Association (TMA)   ✓  Restructure Employee Parking NA   X & OPERATIONS SOCIAL Several strategies support three of the equity principles but none meet all four 20 Top 10 Strategies - Equity trade-offs (cont'd) REGIONAL ACCESS STRATEGY ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Revenue Structures Anticipating Autonomous Vehicles     ✓ ✓ ✓  ✓ ✓ ✓  ✓ ✓ ✓  ✓ NA NA NA Public-Private Partnerships for First/Last Mile Coverage Increase / preserve KCM RapidRide and ST Express Bus Service Ticket for Free Transit Ride / Ride-Free Area Incentives for Ride Share/Transit Loyalty Program & OPERATIONS SOCIAL Several strategies support three equity principles but none meet all four 21 Trips per Mode Fewest Vehicle Trips Per Air Passenger HOV: Transit & Shared-Ride Transit, Scheduled & Courtesy Buses, SharedRide Van, Airporters Parked Vehicles Long-Term Parking Taxi, TNC, Limos Curbside Vehicles Up to 4 Vehicle Trips Per Air Passenger Drop-Off Pick-Up 22 Quantitative Analysis - Measurable Impacts • Capital & operating costs - Estimated order of magnitude • Vehicle miles traveled - Result of mode shift incurred • Greenhouse gas emissions - Result of change in VMT Grams CO2 / mile Private vehicle - curbside 21.10 Limousine 20.82 TNC (eKPI compliant) 10.82 Taxi 10.24 Private vehicle - parking 10.20 Rental car 8.79 Public transit bus Shuttle Express ST Light Rail 4.61 2.06 0.02 Strategies quantified to understand potential benefits and drawbacks 23 Quantitative Analysis of Top 10 Strategies Estimated Greenhouse Anticipated Revenue Impacts Gases Reduced STRATEGY Estimated Capital Cost Estimated Operating Cost Multiple Variations of Express Bus Service  X X  Tolling Curbside ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Information / Promotion of Transit ✓ ✓ X X Transportation Management Association (TMA) ✓ ✓ X  Restructure Employee Parking ✓ ✓ X ✓ Key Score Capital / Operating Cost GHG Reduction - tonnes/yr Revenue Impact (Million $ Annually) ✓ $0 to $2m ≥ 10,000 Source (+)  $2 to $10m 5,000 < 10,000 <$1m Loss (-) X >$10 <5,000 >$1m Loss (-) Most strategies perform well in two or more criteria but measurable impact requires combination of strategies 24 Quantitative Analysis of Top 10 Strategies, cont'd STRATEGY Revenue Structures Anticipating Autonomous Vehicles Public-Private Partnerships for First/Last Mile Coverage Increase / preserve KCM RapidRide and ST Express Bus Service Ticket for Free Transit Ride / Ride-Free Area Incentives for Ride Share/Transit Loyalty Program Estimated Greenhouse Anticipated Revenue Impacts Gases Reduced Estimated Capital Cost Estimated Operating Cost ✓ ✓  ✓ ✓ ✓ X X   X  ✓ ✓  X ✓ ✓  X Key Score Capital / Operating Cost GHG Reduction - tonnes/yr Revenue Impact (Million $ Annually) ✓ $0 to $2m ≥ 10,000 Source (+)  $2 to $10m 5,000 < 10,000 <$1m Loss (-) X >$10 <5,000 >$1m Loss (-) Most strategies perform well in two or more criteria but measurable impact requires combination of strategies 25 Top 10 Strategies Cumulative Benefits • Potential cumulative benefit - Reduce 100 million vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per year - Reduce 42,000 tons carbon emissions per year - Remove over 2 million single occupancy vehicles from the road Strategies have potential to provide significant cumulative benefit 26 Transportation Management Association Description: Form a Sea-Tac Airport Transportation Management Association (TMA) with dedicated staff focused on Commute Trip Reduction and Transportation Demand Management strategies, such as ridesharing/matching, preferential parking for van and carpools, guaranteed ride home/emergency ride home program, and transit subsidy. Hold a quarterly TMA open-house for employees to attend and gain information on available commuting options. Primary Benefits • Provides employees with improved level of service and reliability for their commute. • Encourages carpooling and ride sharing to access the Airport, reducing congestion from single-occupancy vehicle trips. • Supports workforce job satisfaction. • Mitigates environmental issues, especially greenhouse gas emissions, because of decreased single-occupancy vehicle trips. • Expands the state-required program for having a Commute Trip Reduction Coordinator. • There are very low (or no) capital costs. Primary Drawbacks • Limited potential for results (e.g. limited ability to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution). 27