ITEM NO: 7b_supp DATE OF MEETING: July 12, 2011 Seaport Air Quality Program Briefing 1 Briefing Overview • Diesel Particulate Emissions and Air Toxics • Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy 2010 Implementation Report • 2011 Puget Sound Maritime Air Emissions Inventory • Clean Truck Program Request for Information • Seaport Air Program Request for Qualifications • Community/Stakeholder Outreach • Emission Reduction Options Analysis • Next Steps 2 Puget Sound Clean Air Agency 2010 Comprehensive Air Toxics Evaluation 3 2005 Diesel Particulate Matter Puget Sound Region Maritime Emissions = 29% Source: 2005 Puget Sound Maritime Air Emissions Inventory 4 2005 Diesel Particulate Matter Port of Seattle Seaport Source: 2005 Puget Sound Maritime Air Emissions Inventory 5 NORTHWEST PORTS CLEAN AIR STRATEGY 2010 IMPLEMENTATION REPORT 6 Strategy Performance Measures 2010 2015 Ocean-Going Vessels ≤ 0.5% fuels in auxiliary engines while at berth Meet IMO standards Cargo-Handling Equipment Use of ULSD, meet Tier 2 or 3 PM standards Best available emission control devices Rail Expedite EPA SmartWay standards Comply with U.S. EPA 2007 locomotive rules Trucks 100% trucks must have 1994 or newer engines 80% of trucks must meet 2007 U.S. EPA PM emission standards, 100% by 2017 Harbor Vessels Low-sulfur fuels, new technologies Advanced technology pilot projects 7 Ocean-Going Vessel 2010 Implementation Success • 72.4% of all frequent OGV calls (container and cruise) met or exceeded the 2010 performance measure • Cargo: 62% of frequently-calling container vessel calls (378) met goal • Cruise: 100% of all cruise vessel calls (223) met the goal 8 ABC Fuels • Provides a per-call incentive for ships to use for lower sulfur fuels (≤0.5% sulfur) in auxiliary engines and boilers • 2010 Program - $2,250 per call incentive - 11 participating lines, 400 vessel calls - Reduced 240 metric tons of sulfur • 2011 Program - Tiered incentive structure - 10 participating lines, 165 calls YTD, on par with 2010 performance - Reduced 126 metric tons of sulfur YTD 9 Cargo-Handling Equipment 2010 Implementation Success • 55% of all CHE at Port of Seattle met the 2010 performance measure • 100% of all CHE used ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel and/or biodiesel blends • In late 2010, 81 diesel multi-stage filters (DMFs) were removed from CHE because the EPA/CARB verification was revoked due to equipment failure 10 Rail and Harbor Vessel 2010 Implementation Successes • Rail - Installed anti-idling equipment on Louis Dreyfus switcher engine, reducing fuel consumption by 50%; Switched to ultra-low sulfur diesel fuels - BNSF Railway North Seattle International Gateway (SIG) electrification • Harbor Vessels - Port continues to support PSCAA efforts to reduce emissions from harbor vessels - Foss and Crowley voluntary use of low sulfur fuels 11 Trucks 2010 Implementation Success • 100% of drayage trucks met or exceeded the mandatory 2010 performance measure • ScRAPS - 280 drayage trucks removed - Ended January 2011 • Drayage Truck Registry - www.portseattledtr.org - Investigating RFID options with the MTOs 12 Communications and Outreach • Trucker Liaison in the Port's Office of Social Responsibility - Hotline: 206-787-6888 - Email: cleantruck@portseattle.org • Trucker Resource Fairs • Partnerships: - African Chamber of Commerce - Port Jobs Employment Assistance 13 ON-GOING EFFORTS AND CHANGING LANDSCAPE 14 Puget Sound Maritime Air Emissions 2nd Inventory - 2011 • Update of 2005 inventory • Led by Port of Tacoma, 12 funding partners • Activity-based inventory of all maritime emissions in the greater Puget Sound region • Data collection: January 1 - December 31, 2011 • Estimated cost: $230k, not including significant in-kind resources • Report complete: Mid-2012 15 Clean Truck Program Request for Information • Sought information and ideas on alternative ways to upgrade trucks to U.S. EPA particulate matter (PM) emission standards equivalent to a 2007 model year (MY) diesel truck engine • Published on April 19th, 2011, responses due on May 20th, 2011 • Received one response - California Fleet Solutions comprehensive truck grant and lease program 16 Seaport Air Quality Program Request for Qualifications • Consultant support for air quality technical, policy, and program analysis • Category III RFQ published on May 24th, 2011, SOQs due on June 14th, 2011 17 Stakeholder Communications/Outreach • 2011 Puget Sound Maritime Air Emissions Inventory open houses - Tacoma: April 14th - Seattle: June 28th • Community outreach summer/fall 2011 - Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy 2010 Implementation Report - Clean Truck Program options • Industry outreach - Strategy long-term (2015) performance measure implementation plans 18 North American Emission Control Area (ECA) • International Maritime Organization (IMO) MARPOL Annex VI • Sets stricter limits on bunker fuel sulfur content - August 2012: 1% sulfur - August 2015: 0.1% sulfur • Applies to all ships 200 nautical miles off the coast of the U.S. and Canada • Early Port support - Commission Resolutions 3534 (2005) and 3585 (2007) 19 Emissions Reduction Options Analysis How much additional diesel particulate matter can the Port reduce with a $1 million investment? Methodology • Data Sources - 2011 Drayage Truck Technology Assessment, E2 ManageTech - 2005 Puget Sound Maritime Air Emissions Inventory - Port of Los Angeles/Port of Long Beach Technology Advancement Program - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - California Air Resources Board • Trucks - On and off-terminal, Port of Seattle drayage • Ocean-Going Vessels - Terminal based options evaluated for both total project reductions and normalized to $1 million - North American Emission Control Area implementation • Cargo-Handling Equipment - On-terminal activity • Back of the Envelope Calculations - Does not take in to account equipment or engine specifics or operational variables 20 Truck Options Estimated Annual Truck DPM Emissions Reduced (tons) 2011 Verified Technology Unverified Technology Diesel Particulate Matter (metric tons) 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 12 MY 2007 trucks 10 MY 2010 trucks 5 LNG/CNG trucks 6 diesel/electric hybrids 33 hybrid retrofits 28 LNG/CNG conversions $1 Million Investment Non-Op Public Expense $ 21 Cargo-Handling Equipment Options Estimated Annual CHE DPM Emissions Reduced (tons) 2011 2 Diesel Particulate Matter (metric tons) 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 12 Tier 4 diesel yard hostlers 7 hybrid yard hostlers 8 LNG yard hostlers 1 RTG hybrid retrofit $1 Million Investment Non-Op Public Expense $ 22 Ocean-Going Vessel Options Estimated Annual OGV DPM Emissions Reduced (tons) 180 $5 million investment required Diesel Particulate Matter (metric tons) 160 140 $9 million investment required 2011 2012 2015 $12 million investment required 120 100 80 60 $1 million 40 $1 million $1 million 20 0 Pier 66 Shore Power Pier 66 Pier 66 Cargo Shore Cargo Shore Cargo Shore Terminal 86 T86 AMECS T86 AMECS 444 ABC 444 ABC Shore Shore Power Power Power AMECS (2012 ECA) (2015 ECA) Fuels calls Fuels calls Power Power (2012 ECA) (2015 ECA) (2012 ECA) (2012 ECA) (2015 ECA) $1 Million Investment Capital $ Non-Op Public Expense $ 23 Observations • Emission reduction benefits change as regulations come in to force • Emerging technologies may yield greater cost/benefit • Mass emission reductions do not take in to account proximity to populations 24 Increased Industry Focus • Carbon Footprinting - Business for Social Responsibility Clean Cargo Working Group - Carbon calculators on carrier/shipper websites becoming commonplace • Environmental Performance - Increase in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Environmental Annual Reports - Greater marketing of environmental advantages • International Maritime Organization - Greenhouse gas protocol debates 25 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency SmartWay for Drayage • SmartWay is a partnership between government, business and consumers to protect the environment, reduce fuel consumption, and improve air quality • On June 28, 2011 U.S. EPA announced the addition of drayage operations to the SmartWay program • Founding partners - U.S. EPA - Coalition for Responsible Transportation - Environmental Defense Fund • Charter shipper partners - Best Buy, The Home Depot, Hewlett Packard, JC Penney, Lowe's, Nike, Target, and Walmart • Staff investigating how we can incorporate this into the Clean Truck Program 26 Next Steps • Community/Stakeholder outreach summer/fall 2011 • Continue to evaluate Clean Truck Program options, present draft to Commission in December 2011 • Northwest Ports Clean Air Strategy update in 2012 27